SUMMARY

1. INTRODUCTION

Advances in Cosmology have led some to conclude that there is a link between quantum mechanics, relativity and the philosophical sciences. Renowned scientists like Neils Bohr and Werner Heisenberg have recognized the value of eastern philosophy as applied to atomic theory and quantum mechanics. Evidence is presented that certain of these philosophies can be linked to astronomy and provide verifiable results.

ASTRO-METRICS suggests that the general concepts of theosophy are valid. Only a few steps separate the philosophy of Blavatsky's Secret Doctrine (the foundation work of theosophy) and Einstein's General Relativity. This work combines tenets of these two diverse disciplines to form this new cosmological theory. Furthermore, it indicates that the ancient philosophers were pursuing a phenomenon that now can be supported by modern scientific theory and observations.

The purpose of this work is to demonstrate how an old theosophical concept can be amended to form a new cosmological theory. That theory, called ASTRO-METRICS, shows how primordial black holes seed or initiate nucleation of stellar systems. This new theory postulates that seeds for planets and planetary satellites were the result of simple tidal interaction between two primordial black holes co-orbiting each other at the time of the Big Bang. Detonation of these primordial black holes produces enormous explosions, large enough to shatter a small planet or satellite. The quantitative results derived from this model resolve many existing astronomical enigmas.

ASTRO-METRICS explains how the solar system was formed. In doing so, conclusions are often reached which are different than those assumed by present day astronomers. Old ideas are turned into new theories describing how our (and other) solar systems were seeded. Explained are the reasons for the planets' orbital spacing, their satellites and planetary rings, the declination of their spin axes and even, to some degree - their relative size. See Chapters 2, 3, 4, 5 & Appendix .

Following are Conclusions Concerning Our Own Solar System, Other Solar Systems, Human Life and Extraterrestrial Life.

2. CONCLUSIONS CONCERNING OUR OWN SOLAR SYSTEM

ASTRO-METRICS explains the solar system's architecture and predicts undiscovered new planets within it. While the observed structure of the known solar system is a testimony to the very existence of these anticipated planets, additional scientific data is offered. Astronomers are offered testable parametric values specifying the new planets' orbits, masses and locations (ephemeredes). Four or five new objects (planets) within our own solar system are anticipated. These include:

• Our Sun's Binary Companion (Vulcan) is now believed to be in a 5030 year orbit inclined at 49 degrees to the ecliptic plane and with an ascending node of 192 degrees and an eccentricity of 0.545. It appears to be slightly larger than Jupiter, but may be composed mostly of heavy (above hydrogen or helium) elements indicating a magnitude 22 object. It is thought to be IRAS object (1732+239). ¹
  
• Another planet, now believed spawned by Vulcan is now thought to be in a nominal 1000 year orbit with a size between that of Mars and Earth. ^{1 - See the 1999 Paper}
  
• Two to four minor (Pluto size) planets (one of which has recently been found and is planetesimal 1996LM₆₆). ¹
• Small planetesimals spawned by Vulcan are anticipated to have detonated in the far reaches of our solar system adding to or forming the Oort cloud.
  

Vulcan's existence is supported by:

• IRAS object 1732+239 and the report that it is among three unspecified IRAS objects in this region of space, one of which remains unidentified.
• Forbe's determination of an orbit for an undiscovered planet with the same nominal period, inclination and argument of the ascending node based on his analysis of long period comet aphielions.
• Vulcan's appearance on a 4,500-year-old Akkadian seal.
• Quasi-periodic collapses of civilizations or mini ice ages observed in the geochronology data. The quasi-periodicity of these catastrophic strikes is close to the 1677 year value calculated for the 3:2 orbit resonance for two comet swarms, one of which is 180 degrees out of synchronism with the other.
• The direction of the offset of the Sun in the circular cleared area of crop circle T367. This particuliar complex crop circle is thought to be "alien derived" whereas most complex ones may be hoaxes. This offset is in the direction of the IRAS object 1732+239. The chance of this being only a fortuitous correlation is estimated to be 1:36. How could human hoaxters be aware of the current right ascension of Vulcan when our astronomers are still unaware of its existence?
• The appearance of Vulcan on the alien derived Hill star map and another alien description of our solar system.

Pluto is one of several minor planets in our solar system that has a distant association with Vulcan. The additional undiscovered planets will also be found in highly inclined and eccentric orbits. These orbits are tentatively estimated, but the mechanism that leads to their transfer to solar orbit is complex and not clearly understood.

ASTRO-METRICS offers explanations for the following otherwise unexplainable observations about our solar system:

• The planets' dominant share of the solar system's angular momentum compared to the Sun's.
• Pluto's unusually small size and unusual orbit compared to the other solar planets.
• The Titus-Bode law predicting planetary orbits and Neptune's apparent violation of it.
• Neptune's large satellite, Triton which is not orbiting in Neptune's spin plane (the only retrograde orbit in the solar system).
• The Moon's large size compared to the Earth and its non- equatorial orbital declination.
• Formation of the asteroid belt and planetary rings.
• The non-ecliptic planetary spin declinations.

3. OTHER SOLAR SYSTEMS

ASTRO-METRICS is applied to define solar systems about the A star in three nearby star systems. Solar systems around three of these stars are estimated in terms of the orbits and masses of both planets and, for planets in the liquid water zone, their satellites and sometimes their rings.

The Alpha Centauri (close binary, remote trinary) and 61 Cygni (close binary) star systems have formed planets (and satellites of these planets) that could be the habitable. The 26 Draconis trinary system may (have?) also support life. The outermost planet of the larger star in the two trinary systems has become the small M class stars, Proxima Centauri and 26 Draconis C respectively. See Table 1.

Note: 1 AU equals the average distance of the Earth to the Sun.

Several of the predicted planets have also been discovered by convention astronomy employing astrometric analysis. See Table 1. Careful observation of the "wobble" of co-orbiting stars in a binary system suggests the presence of a massive planet. The ASTRO-METRIC model predicts such a body orbiting the 61 Cygni A star, but was initially rejected by the author based on advice from the Naval Observatory. Unknown to ASTRO-METRICS' author at the time of its preparation, K. A. Strand (a past head of the Naval Observatory) had first discovered this planet as early as 1943.² Even today, this relevant work seems forgotten by many astronomers seeking extra-solar planets. Planets orbiting the 61 Cygni A star were found and reported by both USA and Soviet astronomers.³ The planet section of this work expands this discussion of these discoveries. The current spectroscopic (planet) detection techniques are being directed against (apparent) single star systems, and they work poorly against binary star systems because both stars spectra are often collected and intermingled.

Some of the general conclusions about planetary systems include the following:

• Co-orbiting multiple star systems usually have associated planets. Their solar systems exhibit planetary orbits whose radii follow a modified geometric progression.
• Single star "systems" will usually have no planets unless an unseen "dark star" is co-orbiting the visible star.
• The great galactic abundance of M-class stars is likely the result of large planets being scattered from forming binary star solar systems. Some of these planets acquire enough hydrogen when far enough away from their parent star to to form a small M-class star.
• Planets with large liquid water seas are common throughout our galaxy and probably the universe.
  See Chapter 10 and Appendix F.

4. HUMAN LIFE

Philosophers have long contended there is a link that unifies mankind with the universe. The structure of most solar systems is such that it supports both the formation of planets and provides the necessary structure for sentient life to form and evolve. This work defines the source of that link. ASTRO- METRICS considers that mankind is a life form in the universe, not separate or isolated from all others, but rather a structured ordered component of a larger collection of intelligent species. Mankind's place in this structure is defined. See Chapter 12.

The most startling product of the ASTRO-METRICS analysis may be the surprising scientific applicability of the love versus fear doctrine espoused in so many of the popular philosophical writings appearing in print today. There is surprising statistical evidence indicating that at least the fear component of this doctrine is valid, and that it can provide data useful in measuring and describing the physical universe. Further investigation of this doctrine along several different avenues seems warranted. See Appendices A and H.

ASTRO-METRICS postulates that stars and planets are connected with singularities in the space time continuum. Those singularities are in turn related to intelligent life forms. Substantiation is provided by historical observations that are correlated with current astronomical data obtained only from satellite sources. The influence of these singularities is related to the evolution of all human life, as love gradually overcomes fear. There seems to be a connection between fear and certain related human tendencies, like homicide and disease. Tracing this connection leads to the possible location of additional new large black holes. The data locating these black holes was reduced and analyzed in the 1920 to 1940 time frame. However, their association with black holes was not then realized

The ASTRO-METRICS concept, when combined with this data, predicts the locations of four to seven new black holes. The older date is correlated with known X-ray sources, the primary mechanism used to identify a potential black hole candidate (which are usually orbiting visible stars). Black hole detection usually employs satellites as the X-rays they emit are absorbed in Earth's atmosphere. The following X-ray sources are likely generated from matter entering unshielded black holes. See Chapter 6 and Appendix A. These potential seven new X-ray emitting black hole sources include:

• G339.6-01
• CYG XR-2
• V801 Ara
• CYG XR-3
• Wray 977
• CYG X-3
• No Name

Mankind's apparent lack of technological prowess is related to five factors. First, mankind is a very stubborn sentient species and this delays its recognition of important changes. Second, the nature of the species is such that it values loyalty. While this has a positive side, its negative side manifests in loyalty to (untested or unproven) beliefs. The third is mankind's short life span. Fourth, mankind's past civilizations may have been driven to the brink of extinction by comet strikes several times.¹ Fifth, mankind has killed three of the eight Avatars that have appeared for its benefit. Executions seem to be based on the Avatar not conforming to social or religious expectations. See Chapter 14 and Appendicies B & C.

5. EXTRATRESTRIAL LIFE

Intelligent and non-intelligent life is differentiated, and that differentiation exploited in the evaluation of our evolution. A model, which defines the extent and general location of intelligent life within our galaxy, is applied to define the tenor of other nearby alien cultures. Limited validation has been achieved by the analysis of major characteristics of humanity itself. The relationship of some of these life forms to mankind is also supported through direct contact alien data. See Chapters 11 & 12 and Appendix G.

The three star systems that this work concludes are - or have recently - supported intelligent life are included on the NASA SETI Targeted Search Master Star List. This work has deduced these three star systems by independent analysis compared to the methods used to form the SETI list. Two of these stars are among the first three closest stars on the SETI list. A study defining possible signals from these systems seems worthwhile as environments can be modeled.

Mankind became an intelligent species at about the same time as six others, five of which are found on two nearby multiple star systems. A model is offered that can define the body type and cultural characteristics of our "co-formed" COMBO species. The Alpha Centaurei and 61 Cygni star systems have formed planets/satellites that perhaps are the habitat for respectively three and two of these intelligent life forms. The 26 Draconis system may also still support intelligent life but the body type and culture of that (possible) sentient species has not been ascertained. Another (and very unusual) sentient species is anticipated to exist on a planet orbiting one of the M class stars in the Wolf 424 binary system. See Appendix F. This solar system has not been modeled

The general location of all galactic sentient life is modeled and some consequences of its general location noted. A model is suggested which can estimate life spans of sentient beings. It even seems possible to extend the ASTRO-METRICS concept to the point that algorithms can be generated which predict both the evolutionary period and tenor of our own and other extra-terrestrial cultures. See Chapters 12 & 13.

6. REFERENCES

1. VULCAN, COMETS AND THE IMPENDING CATASTROPHE

2. K. A. Strand; TITLE?; Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc.; Vol. 86; 1943; pg. 364; and; K. A. Strand; Sky AND TELESCOPE; Dearborn Observatory; December 1956; and; K. A. Strand; THE ORBITAL MOTION OF 61 CYGNI; The Astronomical Journal; Vol. 62, February 1957; pp. 75, 248 -258.

3. A. N. Deich and O. N. Orlova; INVISIBLE COMPANIONS OF THE BINARY STAR 61 CYGNI; Astronomicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 54, Mar. - Apr. 1977; pp. 327 - 339 and; A. N. Deich; NEW DATA ON UNSEEN COMPANIONS OF 61 CYGNI; Pistma Astron. Zhurnal, Vol. 4, Feb. 1978; pp. 95 - 98.